Annales 82.2 - Nutrition, Microbiome and Health

This edition of Annales Nestlé highlights emerging research on the crucial role of breastfeeding and the gut microbiome during the first 1,000 days—a critical window for lifelong health. It explores how bioactive compounds in human milk shape the infant gut microbiome, influencing immunity, metabolism, neurodevelopment, and bone health. Delivery mode, diet, antibiotics, and environment significantly impact microbial colonization, with disruptions linked to increased risks of allergies, metabolic disorders, gastrointestinal diseases, and bone loss. Interventions for optimizing microbiome composition demonstrate potential benefits though further study is essential to establish long-term safety and efficacy. Ongoing research continues to refine targeted strategies to support optimal microbiome development and lifelong health.​