Presentation Slides

Toddlerhood represents striking changes in children’s growth and development. Between birth and age of 3, toddlers‘ body weight increases by 3- 4 times height almost doubles.

More than 1 in 10 of the world’s babies are born prematurely and the rates are increasing, both in developed and developing countries. Developmental immaturity in preterm infants impacts several organs and systems, which can lead to long-term consequences for health, growth and development. Preterm infants have distinct physiological characteristics compared to term infants, which result in high and unique nutritional needs. Adequate nutrition at this stage is crucial to meet the preterm infant needs for proper growth and development.

Protein play a crucial role in the growth and development of children. The size of protein influences on its allergic potential and digestibility. This presentation covers the characteristics of different protein hydrolysates, as well as the potential benefits of partial whey hydrolysates on risk reduction of allergic diseases and on the improvement of some functional gastrointestinal disorders

High protein intake in early stage of life is associated with accelerated weight gain during infancy and early childhood, which is a strong predictor of childhood and adult obesity. After birth, promotion of breastfeeding beyond 6 months is important to prevent excessive weight gain during infancy. This presentation focus on the impact of high protein intake in infancy on long term health.

Some types of Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMOs) are now commercially available and are being added to infant formula. This presentation compiles the main results of the 3 clinical studies done with infant formulas with addition of one HMO (2’-fucosyllactose – 2’FL) or 2 HMOs (2’FL and lacto-N-neotetraose – LNnT).

Some types of Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMOs) are now commercially available and are being added to infant formula. This presentation compiles the main results of the 3 clinical studies done with infant formulas with addition of one HMO (2’-fucosyllactose – 2’FL) or 2 HMOs (2’FL and lacto-N-neotetraose – LNnT).

There is ongoing confusion between lactose intolerance (LI) and cow’s milk allergy (CMA) which may lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate dietary management. The treatment of LI involves the reduction, but not complete elimination, of lactose-containing foods.

In this publication, Vandenplas et al. have reviewed the published evidence on HMOs, their mechanism of action and health benefits, especially when added to infant formula.

In this study, Newburg and colleagues examined the protection conferred by fucosylated oligosaccharides of human breast milk against diarrhoea in breastfed infants.

Immunological Effects of Human Milk Oligosaccharides In this publication, Triantis and colleagues reviewed the published literature on the role of human milk oligosaccharides or HMOs in promoting immune-related health benefits.

In this publication, Vandenplas et al. have reviewed the published evidence on HMOs, their mechanism of action and health benefits, especially when added to infant formula.

In this study, Morrow determined the association between the levels of 2-linked fucosylated HMOs in human breast milk and the occurrence of diarrhoea induced by Campylobacter and diarrhoea of all causes in breastfed infants.

The immune-enhancing effects of HMOs are structure specific. Oligosaccharides from other sources fail to mimic the structure-specific benefits of HMOs.

In this publication, Lars Bode has reviewed the role of HMOs in reducing the risk of necrotising enterocolitis.