Nutrition for infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: can individualised nutrition be the answer?

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common complication of very premature birth, leading to lifelong respiratory challenges and developmental impairments. Meeting the rapidly changing nutritional needs of these infants remains a challenge for neonatologists in the goal of managing these complications. With no effective treatments currently available, research on BPD focuses on preventative strategies, including optimizing ventilation, fluid and nutritional support, and limiting inflammation. With limited studies on nutritional support for infants with established BPD, this paper explores nutrition strategies for preventing BPD, addressing the nutritional needs of infants with established BPD, and highlights the emerging role of artificial intelligence in tailoring individualized nutritional care for these vulnerable infants.