Micronutrient Powders: Scaling simple solutions for micronutrient deficiencies

In this episode of Milestones in Pediatric Nutrition, Professor Andrew Prentice speaks with Professor Stanley Zlotkin from the University of Toronto about the development and global impact of sprinkles and multiple micronutrient powders (MNPs). Professor Zlotkin describes how his formative experience in Nigeria inspired his commitment to addressing childhood malnutrition. Recognizing poor compliance with traditional iron drops, Professor Zlotkin developed microencapsulated ferrous fumarate that could be sprinkled onto home-prepared complementary foods without affecting taste, color, or texture. The first efficacy trial in Ghana demonstrated effectiveness comparable to iron drops, supporting subsequent expansion to a formulation containing 17 essential vitamins and minerals. The intervention’s low cost, strong cost-effectiveness, and ease of use enabled large-scale implementation, with UNICEF now procuring millions of doses annually for use across low- and middle-income countries. Endorsed by WHO and included in the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children, MNPs are now recognized as a key intervention for the prevention of childhood micronutrient deficiencies.