The infant gut microbiota development is influenced by type of milk feeding and the composition of the complementary diet, with protein and dietary fiber intake coupled
to development of increased diversity in the maturing gut microbiota of well-nourished
infants. Pioneering studies with stunted malnourished children suggest that microbiota
directed complementary foods ensures adequate maturation of the gut microbiota and may improve growth and development.

More than 10% of all toddlers suffer chronic abdominal pain, which has in less than 10% an
organic cause. Functional constipation is likely to be the most frequent reason for chronic recurrent abdominal pain. Nutritional management of this condition is effcacious and safe.

The prevalence of nutrient inadequacy is high and diet diversity is low among toddlers and preschool children in many parts of the world. We observed a reduction in dairy consumption among children with age. Using modelling technique, this study explores the impact of milk beverages on reducing nutrient inadequacy in young and preschool children in Philippines and Mexico.